英语翻译Heavy metals and sulphur have been emitted from the Cu-Ni smelter at Harjavalta since 1945.This article reviews the work that has been published in scientifi c journals after 1975 concerning heavy metal deposition and the effects of pollu

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英语翻译Heavy metals and sulphur have been emitted from the Cu-Ni smelter at Harjavalta since 1945.This article reviews the work that has been published in scientifi c journals after 1975 concerning heavy metal deposition and the effects of pollu
英语翻译
Heavy metals and sulphur have been emitted from the Cu-Ni smelter at Harjavalta since 1945.This article reviews the work that has been published in scientifi c journals after 1975 concerning heavy metal deposition and the effects of pollution on forest ecosystem around Harjavalta.The pollution has had diverse effects on boreal forest ecosystem,e.g.vegetation,nutrient cycle mediated by microbiota and soil animals,herbivorous insects and pathogens,resistance mechanisms of vegetation,and birds.The deposition of heavy metals has increased up to 30 km distance from the smelter.At 8 km distance the eco-system began to approximate an undisturbed ecosystem where only slight changes in
the understorey vegetation were observed.At 4 km distance the species composition of different ecosystem components (vegetation,insects,birds,soil microbiota) had changed and the growth of trees was retarded.At 0.5–1 km distance,where the nutrient cycling was disturbed and only the most resistant organisms were surviving,the ecosystem had ceased to carry out its essential functions.Remediation through liming or mulching with organic matter,of forest soil has had some positive effects on the ecosystem.Keywords copper,forest,ecosystem,Harjavalta,nutrient cycle,remediation,liming,mulchAuthor’s address Vantaa Research Centre,Finnish Forest Research Institute,P.O.Box 18,FIN-01301 Vantaa,Finland E-mail oili.kiikkila@metla.fi Received 20 August 2001 Accepted 14 April 2003

英语翻译Heavy metals and sulphur have been emitted from the Cu-Ni smelter at Harjavalta since 1945.This article reviews the work that has been published in scientifi c journals after 1975 concerning heavy metal deposition and the effects of pollu
从1945年以来在Harjavalta 地区就存在重金属与硫从铜/镍冶炼厂泄露出来.这篇文章回顾了1975年之后在科技期刊上发表的关注重金属沉淀与对Harjavalta 周围地区森林生态系统污染的影响的相关文章.污染已经对北极的森林生态系统产生了各种各样的影响,如:植被,由微生物及土壤动物,食草昆虫和病原体调节的营养圈,植被与鸟类的防御机制.重金属沉淀已经增加到离冶炼厂30公里的距离.在8公里处生态系统开始变成一个近似于无法干扰的生态系统,在下层植被仅可以观察到轻微的变化.在4公里处,不同生态系统组份(植被,昆虫,鸟类,土壤微生物)构成的物种,已经改变,树木的增加很缓慢.在0.5-1公里处,营养圈已经被扰乱,仅留下最具抵御性的机制仍然存在,生态系统已经停止运行其基本功能.通过运用带有机物质的石灰或防护层的矫正,它们对于森林土壤生态系统有正面的影响.
关键词:黄铜,森林,生态系统,Harjavalta,营养圈,矫正,石灰.防护林层,作者地址:Vantaa Research Centre,森林研究学院,

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