英语翻译2.4 Deployment with Unplanned Changes The deployment and maintenance of vehicle systems are unique based on their size and investment costs.As ULS systems,the lifespan of a vehicle system is measured in years of duration,with durations ov

英语翻译2.4 Deployment with Unplanned Changes The deployment and maintenance of vehicle systems are unique based on their size and investment costs.As ULS systems,the lifespan of a vehicle system is measured in years of duration,with durations ov
英语翻译
2.4 Deployment with Unplanned Changes
The deployment and maintenance of vehicle systems
are unique based on their size and investment
costs.As ULS systems,the lifespan of a vehicle system
is measured in years of duration,with durations
over a decade common.The size and investment costs
require the systems to have a long lifetime and to adapt
to the surrounding environment and society.
The long lifetime requires ULS systems to be able
to adapt in the field.Given very few changes can be
planned; it is difficult to adapt when the unplanned
changes occur.These unplanned changes include both
changes in the deployed system and changes of interactions
between the user and/or environment and the system.
These may cause changes of user’s objectives and
expectations which only exacerbates the “wickedness”
of the problem.Often,the latter changes of interactions,
are the unknown,and traditionally are learned
through valuable prototypes.But as vehicle systems
become ULS systems,the capability to execute prototypes
in development is greatly limited due to scale and
cost.Additionally,ULS systems are rarely completely
overhauled in the field,so only partial changes will
occur to the entire system.The rest of the system must
continue to function while preventing adverse side effects
from being introduced by the partial changes.It
is these dynamic and unplanned changes lead to exponential
combinations of configurations and increase the
difficulty to reason about systems that are anticipated
to be faced in the future of vehicle systems.
As not all configurations could be reasoned about
during development,new design paradigms and runtime
architecture are required to build robustness into
systems even when instability exists in deployed applications.
To this end,research of adaptive methods and
architectures is of valuable in the automotive domain as
manufactures strive to develop products more rapidly,
deal with uncertainty,and provide opportunities to de
ploy enhancements to vehicles throughout their lifecycle.
3.Technology Gaps
The technology gaps relative to ultra-large systems,
of which vehicle systems will become,are critical to
research plan of the future.While it remains to be seen
whether our first assessment as to the fundamental ULS
challenges are accurate,they are important to research
as a class.It is likely that as this classification,future
vehicle systems will be “wicked”.Developing methods
to resolve such “wicked” problems may simultaneously
change our understanding of them.In this vein,we do
not intend to identify specific technologies for solutions.
Rather we present a list of technology in capabilities
where it is anticipated the technologies are
likely to adapt over time to meet the needs.

英语翻译2.4 Deployment with Unplanned Changes The deployment and maintenance of vehicle systems are unique based on their size and investment costs.As ULS systems,the lifespan of a vehicle system is measured in years of duration,with durations ov
2.4部署与无计划的变化
部署和维修车系统
是独一无二的基于其规模大小和投资
成本.作为uls系统,寿命车辆系统
是衡量多年的时间,但时间
在过去十多年共同的.规模和投资成本
要求系统有很长的寿命,以适应
向周围的环境和社会.
长寿命要求uls系统,以能
为了适应在外地工作.由于很少有变化,可
计划中,它是难以适应的时候,无计划
发生变化.这些无计划的变化,既包括
变化,在部署系统和变化的相互作用
之间的用户和/或环境和制度.
这些可能引起的变化,用户的目标和
期望这不仅加剧了"邪恶"
的问题.很多时候,后者的变化相互作用,
是未知之数,并在传统上都是教训
通过珍贵的原型.但由于车辆系统
成为uls系统,有能力执行原型
在发展是极大有限公司由于规模和
成本.此外,uls系统,是很少完全
大修在外地,所以只是局部的改变,将
出现故障,整个系统.其余的系统必须
继续发挥作用,同时防止不良的副作用
从目前所提出的局部变化.它
正是这些充满活力和无计划的变化导致的指数
组合配置,并增加
困难的原因系统,这一系统预计
要面对的,在未来的汽车系统.
由于并非所有的配置,可以讲道理约
在开发过程中,新的设计范例和运行
建筑须建立健全成
系统即使存在着不稳定,在部署应用程序.
为达到这个目的,研究的自适应方法和
建筑,是珍贵的是在汽车领域作为
制成品,努力开发产品,更迅速,
对付不确定性的,并提供机会,以德
伎俩,增强了车辆在其整个生命周期.
3 .技术差距
技术差距相对超大系统,
其中车系统将成为至关重要
研究计划的未来.虽然它仍然有待观察
是否我们的第一次评估,以根本uls
挑战是准确的,它们都是非常重要的研究
作为一类.可能是由于这种分类法,未来
车系统将是"恶人" .开发方法
要解决这种"恶人"的问题,可同时进行
改变我们的认识.在这种情况下,我们这样做
不打算以确定具体的技术解决方案.
而我们目前的名单,在技术能力
而据预测,这些技术
可能要适应一段时间内,以满足需要