_____full preparations.the President referred to his notes now and then when giving the speech.A.Not having made B.Not made C.Not to have made D.Not to make 请帮忙翻译,并分析选与不选的原因.

_____full preparations.the President referred to his notes now and then when giving the speech.A.Not having made B.Not made C.Not to have made D.Not to make 请帮忙翻译,并分析选与不选的原因.
_____full preparations.the President referred to his notes now and then when giving the speech.
A.Not having made B.Not made
C.Not to have made D.Not to make
请帮忙翻译,并分析选与不选的原因.

_____full preparations.the President referred to his notes now and then when giving the speech.A.Not having made B.Not made C.Not to have made D.Not to make 请帮忙翻译,并分析选与不选的原因.
选择A , 翻译为：由于没有做好准备,总统在发表演讲的时候时不时的参考他的笔记.
分析：首先后面是一句完整的句子,所以前面要用伴随状态来做状语,修辞后面的主句.伴随状态一般得用ing 或者ed形式,看是表示主动还是被动,所以选having,
另外,以为是强调没有做好准备,也就是没有完成这件事情,所以得用完成时态...

A,没有充分的准备，总统只能在演讲时不时翻阅他的记录

a 主动，过去 表示这两种情况就用 having done 否定加not