英语翻译The whole subject of Black English is so tied up with both racism and good intention that it rarely is discussed calmly,even by specialists in the field.At one extreme is the racist,conscious or unconscious,who attributes black speech to

英语翻译The whole subject of Black English is so tied up with both racism and good intention that it rarely is discussed calmly,even by specialists in the field.At one extreme is the racist,conscious or unconscious,who attributes black speech to
英语翻译
The whole subject of Black English is so tied up with both racism and good intention that it rarely is discussed calmly,even by specialists in the field.At one extreme is the racist,conscious or unconscious,who attributes black speech to some physical characteristic like thick lips or a large tongue; he is certain that it is inferior speech and that it must be eradicated.At the other extreme is the well-intentioned liberal who denies that he detects much of a departure from white speech; he regards Blace English as simply a southern United States dialect,and he is likely to attribute any departure from white speech to the black’s educational deprivation.Both views are wrong.Black English’s radical departure from Standard English has nothing to do with the anatomy of race or with educational deprivation.The history of the English spoken by New World blacks shows that it has been different from the very beginning,and that it is more different the farther back in time one goes.Of course,some blacks speak exactly like whites,but these cases are both recent and exceptional; the overwhelming majority speak Black English some or all of the time.

英语翻译The whole subject of Black English is so tied up with both racism and good intention that it rarely is discussed calmly,even by specialists in the field.At one extreme is the racist,conscious or unconscious,who attributes black speech to
黑人英语的话题是如此地同时纠结于种族主义和善意,以至于它很少被拿来心平气和地讨论,甚至该领域的专家难免如此境况.在一个极端是有意无意的种族主义意识,该种观点把黑人言语归于他们的一些生理特征,如厚嘴唇和偏大的舌头；持该观点的人认定这是种劣等语言而必须消除.在另一极端则是善意的自由派人士,他们根本不承认黑人英语和白人英语有任何差别；这派人把黑人英语仅仅当作一种美国南方口音,并且这种观点的人倾向于把黑人英语和白人英语之间的任何差异归结于黑人缺少教育.这两种观点都不对.黑人英语和标准英语的显著差别和黑人种族的生理特征及缺少教育毫不相干.语言史显示新世界的黑人所使用的英语从一开始就明显不同,而且随着时间越往前推,这种差异愈加明显.当然,某些黑人的言谈和白人一模一样,但这些现象也只是最近才出现的,而且还是个别案例；绝大多数的黑人还是部分或全部时间都在说黑人英语.

整个黑人英语主题被牢牢地与种族及正义问题联系在一起而很少被冷静地讨论，甚至于对这方面的专家而言也是如此。其中一个极端是有意识和无意识的种族主义者，他将黑人英语的产生归结于厚嘴唇或者大舌头等一些生理特征；认为这是一种低等的应当被消灭的语言。另一个极端就是带有某种正义倾向的自由主义者，他否认业已发现的黑人英语是从白人英语分离而来的众多事实；他将黑人英语简单地定义为一种北美的方言，并倾向于将黑人语言与白...

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整个黑人英语主题被牢牢地与种族及正义问题联系在一起而很少被冷静地讨论，甚至于对这方面的专家而言也是如此。其中一个极端是有意识和无意识的种族主义者，他将黑人英语的产生归结于厚嘴唇或者大舌头等一些生理特征；认为这是一种低等的应当被消灭的语言。另一个极端就是带有某种正义倾向的自由主义者，他否认业已发现的黑人英语是从白人英语分离而来的众多事实；他将黑人英语简单地定义为一种北美的方言，并倾向于将黑人语言与白人语言的分离归咎于对黑人教育的剥夺。这两种观点都是错误的，黑人英语和标准英语的根本差别与种族差别及受教育机会的剥夺毫不相关。新世界黑人说英语的历史表明它已经与最开始的时候大不相同了，而与他们的父亲曾经说的英语相比具有更大的差别。当然，有些黑人用英语说话和白人几乎一样，但是这也只是最近才出现的及一些特列；大部分黑人依然有些时候或者终其一生都在说黑人英语。

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